Being a Pack Rat May Be a Sign of Hoarding

Being a Pack Rat May Be a Sign of Hoarding August 01, 2019 VisitBritain/Daniel Bosworth/Getty Images More in OCD Related Conditions Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Types Living With OCD Many people describe themselves as a pack rat, that is, someone who enjoys collecting items and doesnt like to throw things away. Although many self-confessed pack rats lead normal lives, acquiring and failing to throw out a large number of items that seem to have little or no value to others, such as old magazines, containers, clothes, books, junk mail, notes or lists could be a sign of a mental illness called  compulsive hoarding; a behavior that can be associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder. When does being a pack rat cross the line into hoarding? Collecting Is Common but Hoarding Is Not Pack rats of all types have one thing in common: They love to collect things. However, the kinds of items collected, the meaning the collected items have to the person and the way collecting affect the persons life make all the difference between being an avid collector and being a compulsive hoarder. Lets use two examples to explore the difference between collecting and hoarding. Case Study 1: Mark Mark is a 51-year-old married business owner who readily describes himself as a pack rat. In particular, Mark loves to restore, collect, and showcase antique furniture. Mark and his wife spend about half their weekends traveling to antique shops in search of rare antique furniture. They love these weekends and treat them as fun getaways from the city. Although Mark loves antique furniture, he is a discerning customer. He will often leave empty-handed if he does not find exactly what he wants and he rarely buys furniture on impulse. That said, with over 25 years devoted to collecting and restoring antiques, Mark has amassed an extremely large collection. Fortunately for Mark, the success of his business has given him the means to build a large addition onto his home that is used strictly for restoring and showcasing his antiques. Very little of Marks home features antique furniture, much to the relief of his wife. He prefers to display his collection neatly by category in the designated areas  of his home. Occasionally, but usually, reluctantly Mark will sell old pieces to make way for new purchases. Above all, Mark finds collecting and restoring furniture a welcome escape from his business, which takes up most of his time. Case Study 2: Anne Anne is a 61-year-old divorced retiree who also describes herself as a pack rat. Anne spends almost all of her week and weekends visiting flea markets, garage sales, dollar stores and estate sales looking for what she describes as treasures. Annes friends are puzzled by her fascination with these so-called treasures, as they almost always seem to be items that most would consider garbage. For example, Anne has an extensive collection  of old plastic spatulas, plastic containers, newspapers, and broken lamps. In addition, she collects piles of old flyers and newspapers so that the paper will not be wasted. Although Annes pack rat tendencies began rather modestly in her twenties, after her retirement her collecting went into overdrive. Within three years, she only had a small path between the kitchen, bedroom, and bathroom that was clear of clutter. When her mother died, Anne took all of her mothers belongings and packed them into her basement, which was already crowded. Not surprisingly, Annes husband soon became fed up and left and many friends stop visiting. When the friends she does have left try to suggest a clean-up of her house, she gets very angry and wonders why people just wont leave her alone. Moreover, she becomes enraged when her son suggests they go through her mothers boxes and throw out things that are not useful. She just cannot imagine parting with any of the items in her home. She is afraid of throwing out something that one day may be useful and has an intense sentimental attachment to many of the items, particularly those items that belonged to her mother. The Analysis: Pack Rat, Hoarder, or Both? Both Mark and Anne describe themselves as pack rats; however, it is clear that Marks love of collecting antique furniture, while certainly considerable, has little to no effect on his day-to-day functioning. Specifically, although his collection is large, he has the means to store this collection efficiently and safely and it does not create clutter in his house. In addition, although he, and to some extent his wife, love collecting furniture, it takes a back seat to run his successful small business. Mark also knows that he must occasionally sell old pieces to make way for new additions to his collection. Finally, his collecting does not strain his relationship with wife. On the other hand, Annes collecting has left her life in shambles and she is dominated by a compulsive urge to collect largely useless items. It is significant that she is not able to throw out items that most people would consider the garbage and has an intense emotional attachment to almost all of the items in her house. Because of this, her house is almost uninhabitable and a danger to her and others. As is common among people who hoard, she has little insight into the nature and severity of her problem. Above all, her hoarding has led to her marriage ending, her friends abandoning her and her son being angry with her. The Bottom Line Thus, although they are both self-confessed pack rats, Annes symptoms are very much consistent with compulsive hoarding, whereas Mark is someone who is simply very passionate about collecting antique furniture. Anne would be very likely to benefit from a consultation with her family doctor or a mental health professional to complete a clinical interview and medical history to make a definitive diagnosis of compulsive hoarding and to explore hoarding treatment options. If you, a family member or someone else you know has a compulsive need to collect items that are considered to have little value by others and it has an impact on day-to-day functioning, it may be time to consider speaking with a mental health professional. The problem may run deeper than simply being a pack rat. Treatment for hoarding is available.

Pokemon Go Pros And Cons Essay - 1253 Words

Pokemon Go: Pros Cons This generation has become effortless when it comes to communication. Along in years, old folks used letters to associate with their love ones. Nowadays, Social media and technologies are taking over the world. Everyone uses Facebook, Twitter, Instagram etc. to communicate their families, relatives and friends. Pokemon Go is one of the newest sociable and popular US mobile game ever. It was initially released in selected countries in July 2016. There are more than 21 million players when it came out, most of the daily active users are from the United States. People advertised it through social media such as Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook. In the game, players use a mobile device’s GPS capability to locate, capture, battle, and train virtual creatures, called Pokemon, who appear on the screen as if they were in the same real world location as the player. â€Å"Gotta catch ‘em all,† is the game’s famous slogan. The game quickly becam e a global phenomenon and was one of the most used and profitable mobile apps in 2016, having been downloaded more than 500 million times worldwide. The app was credited with popularizing location-based and augmented reality gaming, helping with local businesses grow, tons of players have gotten a lot of exercise, explored new places, and made new friends. However, others have injured themselves while walking distracted on their phones, played in a non safe area, and been strived by criminals. We present some of the pros andShow MoreRelatedSelling Violent Video Games On Minors2161 Words   |  9 Pagestaken up and noticed by our own government. So, what’s the problem with violent video games, and how can the next generation be protected, so that they will not get influenced by these games in real life? So how did all of this begin? Let us go back to a time where change needed to happen to the flow of digital entertainment. In the year 1993, a new arcade cabinet just made it’s way to the arcades and is getting played more and more every single day. That game was called Mortal KombatRead MoreVideo Games For Minors : Is It Good?2187 Words   |  9 Pageshas been taken up and noticed by our own government. So, what’s the problem with violent video games, and how can the next generation be protected, so that they will not get influenced by these games in real life? So how did all of this begin? Let us go back to a time where change needed to happen to the flow of digital entertainment. In the year 1993, a new arcade cabinet just made it’s way to the arcades and is getting played more and more every single day. That game was called Mortal Kombat. MortalRead MoreHow Technology Has Impacted Our Culture Essay1692 Words   |  7 Pagesshowed a huge increase in caloric expenditure using non-exercise thermogenesis (NEAT) over those with primarily sedentary jobs that chose to exercise for small portions of their day (Levine 169). With all the research out there about the pros of exercising and cons of being overweight astonishes fitness professionals that people are still sedentary. A efficient way to help people live healthier lives is by incorporating exercise influences in smartphones. Exercising is a lot more accessible, withRead MoreThe New Rochelle Farmer s Market Essay1591 Words   |  7 Pagesvendors, and activities. For more people to subscribe they should have a better subscription option. For example, on other websites as soon as you go to their webpage a popup from the website will come up and say to sign up for the latest news deals and etc. I think that will defiantly help the market more so that the customers see it as soon as they go on the website and not have to search where can they sign up or pay no attention to the sign up option. They can also include value for having peopleRead MoreVideo Games And The Gaming Industry Essay1543 Words   |  7 Pagespotential to benefit players physically, mentally, and socially. Although most video games are meant to be played seated, the common gamer is not causing a drastic decline in their physical health, just because he decides to play Mario rather than go on a walk; factoring in time to play a game or two into the week has proved beneficial to a person’s physical health. Motor skills, a main area of improvement, are necessary to not only play successfully, but to function efficiently in everyday lifeRead MorePeer Pressure2910 Words   |  12 Pageslisted below may be good idea generators. †¢ Which came first? Chicken or egg? †¢ Is animal testing humane? †¢ Euthanasia: Should the right to die be granted? †¢ Paparazzi livelihood vs privacy of celebrities: what is important? †¢ Pros and cons of the No Child Left Behind act. †¢ Marijuana - legalize it for medicinal purposes. †¢ Global warming is a figment of our imagination. †¢ Should the death penalty be repealed? †¢ Is the law easier on celebrities? †¢ Should parental

Charles Dickens and Mark Twains lessons Essay - 1325 Words

group D Friday II Final essay Charles Dickens and Mark Twains lessons Writers can not only entertain their readers by telling an appealing story, but they can also educate the readers and open their minds. Charles Dickens and Mark Twain are both very famous and important writers. Although Dickens is British and Twain American, they had the same purpose with their writing. They both wrote novels that made stories appealing to the common man as well as to educate people. A comparison of the two novels Hard times by Charles Dickens and The adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain can show that although both writers lived in different societies they shared the same point of views about life and used their writing to educate their†¦show more content†¦Everything that is not factual is considered as imagination. The wisdom of the heart is embodied in Sissy Jupe. Simple, considered uneducable, Sissy brings goodness and purity to bear on many of the characters, including Gradgrind. As he sees the products of his philosophy shattered around him, pa rticularly Louisa and Tom, he begins to wonder if the wisdom of the heart that others have talked about really exists. Sissy proves to him that it does, and she salvages a great deal that might have been lost. In The adventures of Huckleberry Finn the conflict between wisdom of de heart and wisdom of the head takes place in one character. Huckleberry constantly challenges his morals with the way he is brought up, as a racist southern boy, and his own personal beliefs; his heart. The main point of this conflict is mostly based on the way society treats Jim. Many times in the story, Huckleberry treats Jim poorly, merely because of his skin colour, as he does such things as place a rattlesnake skin near Jim as he is sleeping, which ends up in Jim being bitten by a snake. Also since Jim is a slave, and because of his colour many references to the word quot;Niggerquot; are plagued throughout the story, as he is being called one, and so are the rest of the black population in the book. Bu t that is where Huckleberrys conflict arises. He sees Jim as a nice, hearted man and wishes to set him free. But at the same time, he has his own prejudices as in chapter twenty-three,Show MoreRelatedGreat Expectations by Charles Dickens and THe Adventures of Hckleberry Finn by Mark Twain669 Words   |  3 PagesGreat Expectations by Charles Dickens and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain are both timeless novels written by well-known authors. In both novels the main character finds himself on a journey where he goes through many ups and downs until he reaches his â€Å"final destination.† While the novels have their similarities they also have many differences. 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Biology Adaptation Free Essays

Adaptation Definition: Adaptation is the process of how organisms develop special structures and internal processes to enable them to live in their environment. Definition: Adaptation is the process of how organisms develop special structures and internal processes to enable them to live in their environment. Organisms can be adapted in two ways: 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Biology Adaptation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Body structure (e. g. Small ears to reduce heat loss) 2. Body processes (e. g. Osmoregulation in salmon) General Biology Ii Study Guide (Online Class) iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" src="https://phdessay.com/general-biology-ii-study-guide-online-class/embed/#?secret=X0FuSHPJag" data-secret="X0FuSHPJag" width="500" height="282" title="#8220;General Biology Ii Study Guide (Online Class)#8221; #8212; Free Essays - PhDessay.com" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"/iframe There are several factors which cause adaptation to occur: Physical Factors * * * Other organisms * * * Adaptations Match the following animals to the adaptations below, and suggest why they are useful. Think about the habitat each animal lives in! * Polar Bear * Camel * Great White Shark Adaptation| Animal| How is this useful? | Thick Fur| Â  | Â  | Stream Lined Body| Â  | Â  | Fat stored in a hump| Â  | Â  | Ability to close nostrils| Â  | Â  | Fins| Â  | Â  | Ability to smell blood| Â  | Â  | Small ears| Â  | Â  | White Fur| Â  | Â  | Gills| Â  | Â  | Large Claws| Â  | Â  | Sandy coloured hair| Â  | Â  | Long eye lashes| Â  | Â  | Large Feet| Â  | Â  | Sharp teeth| Â  | Â  | Layer of blubber| Â  | Â  | Adaptations in Plants Plants also have adaptations that help them survive better in their environment. Marram grass is a good example of a plant which is adapted to live in very dry conditions, for example on sand dune systems. The leaves of the marram grass are adapted to survive with the limited water available in the desert. Read also Lab 2 Biology In very dry conditions, the leaves of the marram grass roll up to form long tubes. This helps drain any water down towards the roots of the plant. Match the adaptations of the marram grass leaves with their function Waxy CuticleReduce water loss through transpiration Stomata sunk in pitsTrap a layer of moist air close to the leaf surface Leaf HairsProtects the stomata from the wind, reducing water loss through evaporation Rolled LeafReduces water loss through evaporation How to cite Biology Adaptation, Papers

Vince Lombardi Essay Example

Vince Lombardi Paper Vince Lombardi is regarded as one of the most legendary and greatest coaches of all time. Not only did he create winning teams, his philosophy and motivational skills were key factors to his success as a high school, college, and professional football coach. Vince was Italian and grew up in Brooklyn. His father owned a meat shop, and he made sure that Vince was a responsible young man and had him do work for him when he was not in school. Much of Vines philosophy and discipline as a coach was learned from his father in his younger years. His father told him as a young man that There was only one right and wrong, and he believed that you only did the right thing all the time (OBrien, 1987, p. 23). Vince began playing football at the age of 15 and later got a scholarship to play at Fordham university. Although he did not have much playing time at the beginning of his career because there were players who had priority over him and the fact that he incurred several injuries in college football. He was among the linemen that became known as the Seven Blocks of Granite in his later college years. We will write a custom essay sample on Vince Lombardi specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Vince Lombardi specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Vince Lombardi specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Vince believed in winning, and did not ever take losing lightly. While he was In college, he did well, but not above average In academics. He was a devout Catholic, and he did spend many hours studying to Improve his academic scores. After Fordham, Vince played on several semi-professional football teams, but his small stature did not prove him to be a successful football player in the pros. Afterward, he accepted a Job as an assistant football coach at SST. Cecilia High School in Englewood, New Jersey. This was the start of a long coaching career that would prove Vince Lombardi to be one of the greatest coaches in history. Vince was a oddball coach and teacher at SST. Cecilia High School from 1939 to 1947, Although he had never had any coaching or teaching experience. He felt this was his time to prove himself successful. Although he was only an assistant coach, he worked hard with head coach Andy Paula and together they formed a very successful football team. Vince used the same philosophy that his father taught him about when you do something, do it right the first time. He learned quickly that young athletes needed more time to let the plays and facts of the game sink in, so he had to adjust his expectations to their level. He lacked patience and often scolded players for making mistakes, but would always apologize and praise them privately. He had a burning desire to make his players successful and perfect in playing. A sportswriter once wrote that he demands perfection and gets it because his boys are willing to work for and with him (p. 59). In the classroom, Vince was very organized and demanding just as he was in practice. Although he wanted to move at a fast pace, Vince stated that he learned in the classroom that you cant travel faster than your slowest pupil (OBrien, p. 59). In 1942, Paula resigned as head coach leaving Vince to take over the team and have a shot at his first head coaching job in football. Although many had doubts as well as Vince himself, he took his first team to a winning season. His great preparation and innovative ideas of the game helped lead his team to many victories. Vince took an authoritarian approach to coaching the high school players. He told them that as long as he did the thinking and they did exactly what he told them to do then they would win. He had the mind of a winner and he made sure his players Ana ten same easels to win as nee 10 Vince Ana a willing record every year he coached the Saints of SST. Cecilia. Finally, he got a better offer to be assistant football coach and director of Physical Education at his alma mater, Fordham University. At Fordham, Vince worked under Deed Downward. Vince had hoped to learn a lot from him, but instead he ended up teaching himself most things he learned about football at the college level. Fordham lost all but one game that season and Vince was not happy with the lackadaisical approach Downward took toward coaching his players. The next year Vince became the offensive coach, and instead of working with Downward, he began to teach the players new plays to improve their game. Also, he took it upon himself to learn from many of the best coaches in football by meeting them at clinics or even talking to them on the phone. His desire for learning all aspects of the game showed that he had a strong will to coach football. Vince was very determined for his team to be successful and he knew he had to do whatever it took to find a way for them to win. Vince left Fordham in 1948 after only two years of coaching because of the corrupt businessmen trying to fire the head coach and replacing him with Vince without him knowing. In 1949, Vince got an offer to become an assistant coach at the U. S. Military Academy at West Point. At West Point, Vince worked under Colonel Earl Black. Black helped Vince to develop more of a coaching philosophy. He taught Vince that as long as you keep it simple, but repeatedly practice each play, that the team would succeed. Black was a coach that had the strong desire to win as well. While Vince was there, he worked long periods of time with no vacation. The coaches spent many hours after practice and games to analyze each and every aspect of their players as well as watch videos of other teams to understand how to defend them in a game situation. Together, they made a great pair because they worked so hard to fulfill their desires of winning. The team endured great success until in 1951, the Academy expelled 90 students, including 32 of the football players for cheating. This devastated the coaches and the team. Although they had a tough following year, they bounced back and won the east championship the next year. Although the team seemed to be on a new path to success once again, Vince took a Job as an assistant coach at the professional level for the New York Giants in 1958. Before Vines arrival at the New York Giants, the team was losing and the then coach was replaced with Jim Lee Howell. Vince was hired as the offensive coordinator of the team and along with Tom Laundry, helped the New York Giants overcome their slump and did not have a losing season throughout his entire career. Vince had to make several adjustments to perform his coaching effectively at the professional level. To sharpen his skills, he watched endless amounts of film and even became close with the team players to learn each of their strengths and weaknesses. Although Vince loved his Job with the New York Giants he till longed for the head coaching title he felt he deserved. He received that title in 1958 when he was hired as the head football coach of the Green Bay Packers in Wisconsin. Green Bay was known for its loyal fans and the recent poor performance of the team caused the management to find a new head coach. After much research and many interviews, they believed that Vince Lombardi, with his strong desire and confidence to win and his great coaching abilities, was the perfect selection. The Packers Ana to aureole their self-confidence. Most of the players were rumored to be wild and uncaring award their team and their fans. When Vince arrived for practice, he showed them that he meant business and laid down rules for them the first day. Those who did not play by his rules and did not display their full ability to practice to perfection, were not allowed to play for his team. Vince was famous for his exceptional pep talks. Also, his players knew he was the single reason for their newfound success. Linebacker Tom Betties stated that they were not expected to win in earlier games, but that with Vince We were trained to win. The the whose psychology was aimed that way. We got inference and spirit and we did win (OBrien, p. 151). During his reign at head coach at Green Bay, he led the team to six division titles, five NFG championships, and two Super Bowls. By instilling confidence in his players and showing them that they had what it took to win, he formed one of the best football teams for years to come. Vince had become a legend in town, and everyone thought he was one of the greatest coaches ever. Vince retired from Green Bay in 1967. Two years after his retirement, Vince decided to come out of retirement and became the head coach of the Washington Redskins. After leading them to a winning season in 1969, he found out that he had intestinal cancer in 1970 and passed away ten weeks later in September. Many people came for his funeral and many of his former players that had a tough appearance wept openly and mourned his death. Vince had left behind a great legacy, and had set the standards of excellence for professional football for years to come. While some of Lombardi coaching techniques and philosophy are similar to mine, there are also several differences. Vince had a loud, echoing voice and often lost his temper when he became impatient. On the other hand, have a lower voice and try to stay calm at all times. I would not want to be too overpowering to discourage players. He believed in criticizing players publicly and giving praise privately. As a coach, I would praise the players to give them more confidence in themselves. Instead of criticizing each player, I would recommend tips on how to improve and practice routines that ended in mistakes over and over. Vince had a strong will to win and used every resource possible to be able to improve his teams performance. I would do the same such as talk to other experienced coaches, watch films, and attend clinics and sports camps to become a more successful coach. Just as Lombardi, no matter what the situation may be, I will always have confidence in myself as a coach. Being confident in what he did as a coach was the reason for most of his success. I hope to one day be Just as level headed, organized, successful, and have the same burning desire to win as a volleyball coach as Vince Lombardi was as a football coach. Reference Page OBrien, Michael. (1987). Vince: A Personal Biography of Vince Lombardi. New York: Morrow.

Ask An Editor Why Are Textbooks So Bloody Expensive

Ask An Editor Why Are Textbooks So Bloody Expensive Ask an Editor: How are textbooks made and why are they so damn expensive? Karrin Marie Varucene is a Reedsy editor with seven years of editorial experience, including development editing, copy editing, and proofreading. She gained her editorial start in educational publishing and has since groomed her skills with creative nonfiction manuscripts and digital content marketing.I don’t think anyone ever wakes up one day and thinks, â€Å"I’d like to be an editor of college textbooks.† I certainly didn’t when I decided to pursue a career in publishing. I loved reading, I loved writing, I enjoyed the process of revision - of making something good, better. I envisioned working with famous authors on future bestsellers.It was quite by accident that I stumbled into educational publishing, but with a B.A. in English and having just returned from a year teaching English abroad in China, I found it to be a logical and worthy fit.Despite having used textbooks throughout their education, most people know very little about the textbook busine ss. So here are answers to questions I’m often asked about my work.Where does the idea for a textbook come from?Acquiring a first-edition textbook usually happens one of two ways:1) The author seeks out the publisher, often contacting the Acquisition Editor with a book proposal and sample manuscript. The proposal would, of course, include a summary of the book's content, the course for which it is intended, a list of competing textbooks, and what would make this book different from similar ones on the market (and therefore worth publishing).2) The Acquisition Editor identifies the need for a particular book for a particular course. S/he will go to educational conferences and search for well-established instructors who would be a good fit, based on professional experience, for writing that book.How do you decide what goes into textbooks?While these are certainly primary contributors to the rising cost of textbooks, I would add to this two additional factors:1) Permission to us e the additional materials included to engage students and appeal to a variety of learning styles - anything beyond the text originated by author or Development Editor - will cost the publisher or author. These costs have risen steeply over the years as publishers have to request not only print rights but also now electronic rights for e-book versions of the texts. Those who hold the rights to those materials have watched textbook prices soar and therefore want a larger share of the growing profit pie (see self-perpetuating cycle above).2) Let’s not forget a school’s bookstore, which often adds a hefty markup on top of an already significant list price to turn a profit of its own. Why are textbooks getting more expensive? An academic editor answers that question, and more! So yes, textbooks are expensive. But they also help shape a student’s future, whether teaching him to write a logical, coherent, grammatically correct essay or teaching her the fundamentals of psychology, which may lead her to pursue a career in child psychology. And knowing that I have a hand in shaping those futures? Well, that feels pretty good.What other burning questions would you like to ask an Academic Editor? Drop them in the comments box below and Karrin will do her best to answer them!

This Letter of Recommendation Got Me Into Yale!

This Letter of Recommendation Got Me Into Yale! Below is a letter of recommendation for which I am extremely grateful.   Dr. Carol Nash was my history teacher for two years in high school (including AP History), and boy could she write a letter of recommendation! What do you see works in this letter?   What would you improve?   Here it is: Dear Admissions Committee: When Brenda Bernstein tackles a question, the result is a definitive work!   Brenda was in my tenth grade Global Studies class and, on my recommendation, my eleventh year 1985-86 Advanced Placement American History-Economics class.   She ranks among my most outstanding students.   It may be premature to speak of a definitive work; nevertheless, I am certain that she will be working on the frontiers of knowledge. The students in the global Studies class were expected to find four articles on the French Revolution in different types of sources.   Brenda’s impressive search bore all the marks of an outstanding scholar.   For example, she located a particularly unusual primary source.   The result was an outstanding paper which represented a truly significant contribution to my understanding of the women’s rights movement in the French Revolution.   Brenda also most effectively communicated the information to the class during the class discussions.   For her paper on the socio-economic basis of Hitler’s rise to power, Brenda drew her material from sophisticated journals.   In the AP class, Brenda did a really exhaustive paper on Quaker anti-slavery sentiment.   The paper was full of solid information and creative and intelligent comments.   For example, she suggested that the Quaker community served as a support network for individuals who deviated from the r est of the establishment.   Brenda wrote all her papers with style and imagination, and she demonstrated complete mastery of the basic research techniques. Brenda’s insightful treatment of the material was evident on her tests.   For example, analyzing how the new American nation inherited England’s problems, she observed that the decentralization of the Articles of Confederation created many problems just as the want of decentralization had done for England before.   This link shows her ability to compare, contrast, and synthesize.   The rest of the essay demonstrated her mastery of the historical literature.   Just as she wrote integrated and creative papers, Brenda wrote an excellent document based essay drawing comfortably from the documents and her outside information.   Brenda’s analytic essays comparing historians like G. Wood and C. Kenyon were exactly on target.   When she was asked to find evidence to support historical interpretations, Brenda demonstrated her superior capacity to interpret data. Brenda is a petite young lady with an enormous mind and unusual intellectual maturity.   This is matched by her rich personality. Carol S. Nash, Ph. D.